HTML5 is the latest major version of HTML, designed to make web pages more powerful, interactive, and accessible without needing extra plugins like Flash or Silverlight.

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1. New Semantic Elements

HTML5 introduced tags that clearly describe content structure, improving readability, SEO, and accessibility.

Tag	Purpose
<header>	Page or section header
<nav>	Navigation menu
<main>	Main content area
<section>	Thematic grouping of content
<article>	Self-contained piece (blog post, news item)
<aside>	Sidebar or related content
<footer>	Page or section footer
<figure>	Image, diagram, or illustration
<figcaption>	Caption for a figure
<mark>	Highlighted text
<time>	Represents time/date

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2. Multimedia Support

Native tags for audio and video so you don’t need plugins.

<audio controls src="music.mp3"></audio>
<video controls width="320" height="240" src="movie.mp4"></video>

✅ Supports multiple formats (.mp4, .ogg, .webm).

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3. New Form Input Types

HTML5 added more specific input types to make forms smarter and user-friendly:

• email
• url
• tel
• date / time / datetime-local
• number
• range
• color
• search

Example:

<input type="email" placeholder="Enter your email">

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4. New Form Attributes

• placeholder → Hint text inside input.
• required → Makes input mandatory.
• pattern → Regex validation.
• autocomplete → Suggests saved values.
• autofocus → Focuses on input when page loads.
• min, max, step → Range controls.

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5. Graphics & Animation

• <canvas> → Draw shapes, graphics, animations using JavaScript.
• SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) → Resolution-independent graphics.

Example:

<canvas id="myCanvas" width="200" height="100"></canvas>

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6. APIs & Advanced Features

HTML5 introduced several JavaScript APIs for dynamic and interactive features:

• Geolocation API → Find user’s location.
• Local Storage / Session Storage → Store data in browser without cookies.
• Offline Web Apps → Work without internet connection.
• Drag and Drop API → Allow dragging elements.
• Web Workers → Background processing for better performance.

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7. Deprecated Elements

Some old HTML4 tags were removed in HTML5 (should be replaced with CSS or new semantic tags):

• <font> → use CSS instead.
• <center> → use CSS text-align: center;.
• <big>, <strike> → use CSS.
• <frame>, <frameset>, <noframes> → replaced by <iframe> and CSS layout.

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✅ Why HTML5 is Important:

• Cleaner, more meaningful code.
• Better performance on mobile devices.
• Cross-browser multimedia support.
• Native form validation and interactive features.

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